据美国哥伦比亚广播公司报道，美国全国城市联盟4月15日了发布关于美国黑人状况的年度报告，调查结果显示，近年来黑人仇恨犯罪上升，对学校开设黑人历史课程的干扰增加，黑人投票遭到更多阻碍。

图源：新华社

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Extreme views adopted by some local, state and federal political leaders who try to limit what history can be taught in schools and seek to undermine how Black officials perform their jobs are among the top threats to democracy for Black Americans, the National Urban League says.美国民权组织全国城市联盟称，一些极端的地方和联邦政治领袖试图阻止学校开设黑人历史课程，并驱逐黑人政客，这是美国黑人民主遭受的最大威胁之一。

The National Urban League’s annual State of Black America report released Saturday draws on data and surveys from a number of organizations, including the UCLA Law School, the Southern Poverty Law Center, and the Anti-Defamation League.该报告基于加州大学洛杉矶分校法学院、南方贫困法律中心和反诽谤联盟等多个组织的数据和调查。

4月6日，共和党控制的田纳西州众议院投票罢免了两名支持推动更严格控枪措施的非裔议员。全国城市联盟主席、前新奥尔良市长马克·莫里亚尔（Marc Morial）援引该事件称：

"We have censorship and Black history suppression, and now this," Morial said in an interview. "It"s another piece of fruit of the same poisonous tree, the effort to suppress and contain."“这就是美国现在的审查制度和对黑人历史的压制。这是同一棵毒树长出的另一颗果实，是对黑人的镇压和遏制。”

"We will suppress the conversation about race and racism, and we will suppress your history, your AP course," Morial said. "It is singular in its effort to suppress Blacks."莫里亚尔称：“美国将压制关于种族和种族主义的讨论，将抹杀黑人的历史，抹除黑人历史课程。美国对黑人的压迫显而易见。”

加州大学洛杉矶分校法学院“前进追踪项目”网站显示：自2020年9月以来，全美209个地方、州和联邦政府实体针对“批判性种族理论”提出了670多项法案、决议、行政命令、意见书、声明和其他措施。“批判性种族理论”认为美国国家机构中存在系统性种族主义，其作用是维持白人在社会中的主导地位。

Director Taifha Alexander said the expanded scope of some of those laws, which are having a chilling effect on teaching certain aspects of the country"s racial conflicts, will lead to major gaps in understanding history and social justice.该项目负责人泰夫哈·亚历山大称，其中一些法律的范围扩大，在美国种族冲突历史教育的某些方面中产生了寒蝉效应，这将导致在认识历史和社会正义方面出现鸿沟。

In Alabama, a proposal to ban "divisive" concepts passed out of legislative committee this past week. Last year, the administration of Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin, a Republican, rescinded a series of policies, memos and other resources related to diversity, equity and inclusion that it characterized as "discriminatory and divisive concepts" in the state"s public education system.阿拉巴马州立法委员会此前通过了一项禁止“分裂”概念的提案。2022年，弗吉尼亚州州长、共和党人格伦·扬金领导的州政府撤销了一系列与多样性、公平性和包容性有关的政策、备忘录和其他资源，并将它们描述为该州公共教育系统中的“歧视性和分裂性概念”。

Oklahoma public school teachers are prohibited from teaching certain concepts of race and racism under a bill Republican Gov. Kevin Stitt signed into law in 2021.共和党州长凯文·斯蒂特于2021年签署法案，禁止俄克拉何马州公立学校教师教授某些种族和种族主义概念。

Predominantly white legislatures in Missouri and Mississippi have proposals that would shift certain government authority from some majority Black cities to the states.密苏里州和密西西比州以白人为主的立法机构提出了将某些政府权力从一些黑人占多数的城市转移到州政府的建议。

Forty percent of voters in last year"s elections said their local K-12 public schools were not teaching enough about racism in the United States, while 34% said it already was too much, according to AP VoteCast, an expansive survey of the American electorate.美联社VoteCast对美国选民进行的一项广泛调查显示，在去年的选举中，40%的选民表示，当地的基础教育公立学校关于美国的种族主义教育不够，而34%的选民表示这已经太多了。

About two-thirds of Black voters said more should be taught on the subject, compared with about half of Latino voters and about one-third of white voters.大约三分之二的黑人选民认为，学校应教授更多关于美国种族主义的内容，而约一半拉丁裔选民和三分之一白人选民认同这一观点。

Data released this year by the FBI indicated that hate crimes rose between 2020 and 2021. African Americans were disproportionately represented, accounting for 30% of the incidents in which the bias was known.美国联邦调查局今年公布的数据显示，2020年至2021期间，仇恨犯罪有所上升。非裔美国人所占比例过高，占已知仇恨犯罪事件的30%。

Rachel Carroll Rivas, deputy director of research with the Southern Poverty Law Center"s Intelligence Project, said when all the activities are tabulated, including hate crimes, rhetoric, incidents of discrimination and online disinformation, "we see a very clear and concerning threat to America and a disproportionate impact on Black Americans."南方贫困法律中心情报项目研究副主任雷切尔·卡罗尔·里瓦斯表示，从仇恨犯罪、言论、歧视事件和网络虚假信息的统计数据中，“我们看到了美国面对的显著而令人担忧的威胁，而这些威胁对美国黑人的影响更严重。”

编辑：董静

来源：中国日报网

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